Imagine a summer in St. Louis, filled not just with the usual buzz of the city, but with a literal buzzing coming from the ground itself. This isn’t your typical insect tale. This year, St. Louis might experience a rare natural spectacle with the simultaneous emergence of two cicada broods. This has not occurred since the time when the city’s map was being redrawn by the Louisiana Purchase. Such events are not only a wonder to behold but also a critical time for scientific study and environmental appreciation.
A Double Feature: Brood XIX and Brood XIII
The protagonists of our story are Brood XIX and Brood XIII, each following a unique life cycle and geographical footprint. Brood XIX, often referred to as the Great Southern Brood, is known for its 13-year cycle and is predominantly found in areas including much of Missouri. They are expected to make their appearance in late April, starting the season of cicadas.
Following closely in May and June, Brood XIII, also known as the Northern Illinois Brood, will emerge from its 17-year slumber. Their presence overlaps geographically in some regions, possibly including the fringes of St. Louis, adding an intriguing layer to this natural event.
The Lifecycle of a Cicada
Both broods follow a similar developmental script. After spending years underground as nymphs, they emerge, shed their exoskeletons, and take to the trees. Here, they will sing their mating calls, mate, and lay the next generation’s eggs. This lifecycle, particularly the long developmental period, poses challenges and questions for scientists. How do these creatures track time beneath the soil? It’s believed that they may use environmental cues, such as changes in tree sap chemistry, to know when to emerge.
Why This Year Is Special
The simultaneous emergence of these two broods provides a rare opportunity for scientific study and community engagement in citizen science. With advancements in technology, even casual nature observers can contribute to data collection and help scientists track the spread and health of cicada populations.
Challenges and Considerations
Despite their fascinating nature, cicadas and their broods face numerous threats. Urbanization, pesticides, and climate change pose significant risks. These insects are crucial to local ecosystems—they are a source of food for various wildlife and play a role in the aeration and fertilization of the soil.
Experts encourage the public to avoid using pesticides on cicadas and to enjoy the rare spectacle responsibly. After all, this event is short-lived, and it will be another several decades before such an opportunity arises again.
Frequently Asked Questions
- What are cicadas and why do they stay underground for so long? Cicadas are insects known for their prominent eyes, clear wings, and loud mating calls. They spend most of their life as nymphs underground to avoid predators and to feed on sap from tree roots. This long juvenile phase helps them survive by emerging in massive numbers, overwhelming predators through sheer quantity.
- How can I differentiate between Brood XIX and Brood XIII cicadas? Brood XIX cicadas typically have a 13-year cycle and are more commonly found throughout Missouri, while Brood XIII emerges every 17 years, primarily in Northern Illinois and parts of neighboring states. Physical differences are subtle, but the timing and location of their emergence are key indicators of their identity.
- Are cicadas harmful to humans or pets? No, cicadas are not harmful to humans or pets. They do not bite or sting and are generally not interested in humans or animals. While their loud buzzing can be surprising, they are completely harmless and should be enjoyed as a fascinating part of nature’s cycle.
- What should I do if cicadas emerge on my property? Enjoy the natural spectacle, as it is a rare event! If you’re concerned about young trees or plants, you might consider netting to protect them from being overwhelmed by cicadas. Otherwise, there is no need to take any action against cicadas. Contacting a local expert like STL Pest Control can provide more specific advice tailored to your situation.
- How can I participate in tracking the cicada emergence? Anyone can contribute to citizen science projects by using apps and websites dedicated to tracking cicada emergences. These platforms allow you to report sightings, upload photos, and even record the sounds of cicadas. This information is invaluable for scientists studying their behavior and distribution.
Conclusion: Embrace the Buzz with STL Pest Control
As St. Louis prepares for a summer serenaded by cicadas, residents and visitors alike are encouraged to embrace this unique natural phenomenon. While cicadas are harmless and don’t require pest control, the presence of these numerous insects can sometimes lead to unexpected issues in your home or garden, such as attracting predators or creating excessive debris. STL Pest Control is here to provide advice and assistance to ensure your property remains comfortable and manageable during this natural event. Whether you’re a bug enthusiast or just curious about nature, the emergence of Brood XIX and XIII offers a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to witness and learn from these extraordinary insects. With STL Pest Control, you can enjoy the spectacle without the hassle, knowing that your space is in expert hands.